Friday, May 31, 2019

Shylock in Merchant of Venice :: Merchant Venice Essays

The Character of Shylock in Merchant of Venice Few characters created by Shakespeare embodies unadulterated poisonous like the character of Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Shylock is a usurer and a malevolent, blood-thirsty old man consumed with plotting the downfall of his enemies. He is a malignant, vengeful character, consumed with venomous malice1 a picture of callous, unmitigated villainy, deaf to every appeal of humanity2. Shylock is the antagonist opposite the naive, essentially good Antonio, the protagonist who essential defend himself against the devil Shylock. The evil he represents is genius of the reasons Shakespeare chose to characterize Shylock as a Jew, as Jews of his time were seen as the children of the Devil, the crucifiers of Christ and stubborn rejecters of Gods comprehension and Christianity. However, when Shakespeare created Shylock, he did not insert him in as a purely flat character, consumed only with the villainy of his plot. One of the great talent s that Shakespeare possessed, remarks Shakespeare analyst Harrold R. Walley, was his ability to create each key character act like a real, rational person. Walley said of all of Shakespeares characters, hero or villain, that Their conduct is always presented as luculent and justifiable from their point of view3. To maintain the literary integrity of the play, Shakespeare is under the necessity of making clear why a man like Shylock should be wrought to such a pitch of vindictive hatred as to contemplate murder4. His evil must have some profound motivation, and that motivation is the evil done to him. Shylock is not an ogre, letting lose harm and disaster without reason. He was wronged first the fact that his revenge far outweighs that initial evil is what makes him a villain. Beneath Shylock villainy, the concept of evil for evil runs as a significant theme through the play. In order to understand the concept of evil for evil, one must examine the initial evil, aimed at Shylock, t hrough Shylocks own eyes. Some may see the discrimination aimed at Shylock as justified, as he is a malicious usurer certainly the Venetians thought so. However, the discrimination took its toll on Shylock, until he began to hate all Christians. Shylock saw himself as an outsider, estranged by his society. The evil he saw done to him took three major forms hatred from Antonio, discrimination from Christian Venetians, and the marriage to a Christian of his daughter Jessica.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Clifford Olson: Canadian Serial Killer Essay -- Biography Biographies

Clifford Olson Canadian Serial KillerClifford Olson is one of Canadas well known ordered killers. He showed no sign of sympathy for the public all throughout his life and would eventually end up killing many innocent multitude and spending a good portion of his life in jail. Clifford Olson was born on January 1st 1940, in Vancouver, British Columbia. While he was growing up he was always in anaesthetize. Even as a child in school her was referred to as a bully and not a straitlaced kid. Then as he grew up things didnt change for the better the just got worse. As a teenager and young adult Olson found himself in trouble with the law quite frequently. From the year of 1951 to 1981 ( ages 17-21) he had 94 arrests. He was put in jail for some of them and served time for cries ranging from fraud to armed robbery. While in prison Olson was known for two things. One was for being a homosexual rapist and the second was for being a snitch, and helping out the police. Olson helped the pol ice by travelting his friend named Garry Marcoux (also in jail), to give a detailed description and confession to raping and mutilating a nine year old girl. Somehow Olson was able to get Marcoux to write down his confession. Olson them gave this to police and it was used to convict Marcoux of that crime. Once Olson had served his time and was released he went to live with the mother of is son. One would have thought that he had wise(p) his lesson and would try to turn his life around. However very unfortunately that was not the case. In November of 1980 A young girl, 12 years old, named Christine Weller went missing. She would later prove to be one of Olsons first murder victims. Christine was abducted from her home in Surrey, BC. Her mutilated body ... ...ack of his van, police found an address book containing the name of Judy Kozma. Along with this and other severalise the police were able to charge Clifford Olson with the murder of Judy Kozma 6 days later. Olson knew that he was going to be put back in jail and was suspected on some of the other murders that he had committed.. So Olson made a deal with the prosecution. In his deal Olson s family, (wife and son) were to be paid $10,000 for each of his victims. This was very controversial. In exchange Olson would provide the information on the known murders and gave the police direction to 6 outstanding bodies. Olson kept his part of the deal and so did the prosecution. The money was paid to Olsons family on schedule. On January 11th 1982, Clifford Olson pleaded guilty to 11 counts of murder. For this he was sentenced to 11 concurrent life terms in prison.

The Features of Durkheims Social Realism Essay -- Sociology Analysis

Durkheim is a highly influential name to remember when thinking of sociology. Durkheims mission was to develop sociology so it could be defined and to develop a method on how sociology should be used. Durkheims main concern in his flight was primarily associated with how societies might preserve their integrity and rationality within modernised family, when things such as shared religious views and ethnic backgrounds are seen as things of the past. In relation to Durkheims sociable realism his concern was with the growing unmarriedism in society. Durkheim argues that we are in an era which is imperfectly moving towards a righteousness based on individualism as Durkheim regarded individualism as a collective representation, a force that would impress itself on human minds regardless of their inborn opinions, as well as the manifestation of the egotistical will. (Mestrovic 1988 8). Ultimately Durkheim was a strong believer that it is society that defines the individual rather t han the individual fictile society. For this reason we can clearly see why Durkheim was highly concerned with growing individualism in society, within a society which he believes shapes an individual therefore individuals are highly dependent on society. This can be seen in Durkheims theory of the division of labour. Durkheim argues that in a primitive society which is a society which is seen as having more morals and was a much better society to live in this is because society is seen as having deteriorated as nicety has developed and become modernised. The division of labour within a primitive society therefore is to create or maintain a mechanical social solidarity in which there is a common consensus which allows social order to be maintai... ...dividuals living within society. Works CitedCalhoun, C. Et al. (2007) Classical Sociological Theory (2nd edn). Blackwell. Craib, l. (1997) Classical Sociologucal Theory. capital of the United KingdomOxford Univeristy Press Hughes, J. & Martin, P. & Sharrock, W. (1997) Understanding Classical Sociology Marx, Weber and Durkheim. London Sage Durkheim, E. (1976) The elementary forms of the religious life. Biddles Ltd Durkheim, E. (1984) The division of labour in society. Great Britain Macmillan Durkheim, E. (1982) Rules of sociological method. United States of the States Macmillan Bellah, R. & Durkheim, E. (1973) On Morality and Society selected readings. London Chicago PressMestrovic, S. (1988) Emile Durkheim and the reformation of sociology. London Rowman & Littlefield PublishersWeber, M. (1978) Sections in translation.Cambridge Cambridge university press

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

The Iron Wall Essay -- Religion Government Church State Essays

The Iron WallWhen reading the famous American magazine Time, you see a picture of President Bush with his cabinet praying. This is not a special occasion, but rather a daily prayer that begins his administration workday. It is not uncommon to see religious demonstrations and creeds throughout our society. Our money has In graven image we Trust and our schools daily pledge states, One nation under God We take oaths under the Bible and are sworn in with it. It would be gooselike to believe that our set up fathers did not pass a spiritual side to them. It would be regular more nave to believe that our sense of being does not come out in our writing therefore, our nation was delivered on religious foundations and it remains today in all of the different political factions. Although the belief is that our founding fathers when creating the constitution were not trying to create a nation that was completely separate from religious beliefs. They did not want to mix church and st ate due to fears of a government that would not function as designed. They came from lands in which they were persecuted and religious leaders possessed too much authority in political personal matters and they created threats to civil liberties. Persecution is not an original feature in any religion, but it is always the strongly marked feature of all religions established by law. (Thomas Paine) It is logical to see the fears of an established state religion, but does freedom to excercise it and establishing it often mixed today? The First Amendment has always guaranteed our civil liberties, but the judicial branch is believed to have guided their interpretation too narrow and strict in fear of losing their iron wall. Society today, portrayed from the court... ...e free speech rights of students involved in Christian groups. It found that the school had violated those rights when it refused to pay for the printing of the Christians groups newspaper even though, it paid f or the publications of a wide eye socket of other student organizations. The fight for our rights has clearly taken a stronger turn more recently in our country. The obvious errors of government officials are being turn over and our schools are being forced to recognize our inalienable rights of freedom and liberty that comes from the first amendment. The laws of today are meant to protect us and keep control, but even laws can enslave men if not fair. And who decides fair? The same people who tell us how the laws should be enforced, so maybe its time to nous if we are really free, and not just remain trapped behind an Iron Wall

Christmas Traditions Essay -- essays research papers

In every culture or tradition we have our varied ways to celebrate Christmas. In Latin culture we have our unique way to celebrate the birth of baby Jesus. We of course have religious ceremonies as well as our traditional food, like the famous ponche, posole, and tamales. But we also celebrate as whole family members house. We have music, we dance, and of course we stay up entirely night. The most important way to celebrate our posadas is to have baby Jesus the house.The posadas are one of the typical events during a Christmas celebration in Latin America. A posada consist of walking and looking for a place where Virgin bloody shame and Saint Joseph can spend the night and rest before continuing with their large journey to Bethlehem. Two persons usually represent Saint Joseph and Virgin Mary. In this event, all the battalion of the community come and participate in this mini-recreation. All the people sing, pray, and even cry when asking for a posada. They use candles and incens e to accompany these two Saints. They usually walk all over the neighborhood to find a place. They go from house to house asking for permission to stay and spend the night to rest. Part of a posada is to have people denied the use of their house. So Mary and Joseph continue with their search, until they get to the house that lets them stay. This house is usually decorated with flowers, jade, statue of animals and lights. The people offer food for all the participants and music. Piatas and contests are also part ...

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

GM Tries to Sharpen Its Car Images Essay -- BTEC Business Marketing GC

GM Tries to Sharpen Its Car ImagesExecutive SummaryGeneral Motors, the worlds largest vehicle maker took the industry leadership from Ford Motors Company in 1931. With its customer oriented objective and significant marketing programs, GM protected its stain since then.Starting from 1990, GM became industrys biggest money loser in the U.S. market by tracking out of the road it always had been and forgetting how it became and protected its leadership for over 60 years. Top instruction moved slowly by taking important decisions, lost control over the divisions and did not stop the production of the dogs on time. GM also lost touch with its customers and dealerships, so, the well-respected brand name became a dog itself in consumers minds.After assigning a new CEO and top management team, GM tried to recover as soon as possible. To mend the broken brand, a new marketing manager, a brand guy himself was needed. Ron Zarella was transferred from Bausch & Lomb to commute the image of GM products. Zarella took long and short-term decisions successfully and ended the arguments inside of the company. He changed marketing structure by creating brand manager positions to work with the function such as design team, public relations, customer satisfaction, sales, service and distri entirelyion. Five-Phase Vehicle Development Process was created, engineers and marketing groups from different brands combined to work with each other. As results of these innovations, GM was able to design new railway cars shorter although still not shorter than its competitors, market its products more successfully and gained consumer confidence back again. Situation AnalysisA.Environment dissipated technological changes and increasing affordability changed consumer expectations in 90s. Big, heavy cars had still market share but the cars which are smaller and have low gas mileage were stars for the Generation Y. Power doors, power windows, power steering and air conditioning became standard s for all consumers which were found in luxury cars or offered as an extra in 70s and 80s.Starting from 1990 especially following the Gulf War, The U.S. economy started recovering after recessing in 80s. The federal budget famine was getting smaller, long-term interest rates were lower and U.S. businesses had equal cost of capital compared to their foreign competitors. Oil ... ...ing should work together as one proboscis and help each other as possible as they can and the time for designing products should be shortened. For brand management positions, not only insiders but also outsiders should be installed to get new and fresh ideas. The teams containing brand managers and engineers from different divisions should be made up to share ideas and experience to solve the quality, production and diffusion problems of every division. Consumer confidence can be gained back by changing products characteristics, smart pricing strategies by concentrating cost administration or cost manag ement, formulation salespeople and dealerships in consumer friendly way, offering flexible financing solutions with promotions and, teach the consumer the benefits of the product. Summary and ConclusionGM can be successful in its profit-maximization and A car for every purpose, a car for every pocketbook objective by using these solutions. The company provide have better operation, production design will be faster, employee participation and motivation will be high, customer oriented approach will be applied and protect its industry leader position against its competitors.

GM Tries to Sharpen Its Car Images Essay -- BTEC Business Marketing GC

GM Tries to Sharpen Its Car ImagesExecutive SummaryGeneral Motors, the worlds largest vehicle manufacturer took the effort leadership from Ford Motors Company in 1931. With its customer oriented objective and significant marketing programs, GM protected its position since then.Starting from 1990, GM became perseverances biggest money loser in the U.S. market by tracking out of the road it always had been and for acquire how it became and protected its leadership for over 60 years. go management moved slowly by taking important decisions, lost control over the divisions and did not stop the production of the dogs on time. GM overly lost touch with its customers and dealerships, so, the well-respected brand name became a dog itself in consumers minds.After assigning a new CEO and top management team, GM tried to recover as soon as possible. To mend the broken brand, a new marketing manager, a brand guy himself was needed. Ron Zarella was transferred from Bausch & Lomb to change the trope of GM products. Zarella took long and short-term decisions successfully and ended the arguments inside of the company. He changed marketing structure by creating brand manager positions to work with the services such as design team, public relations, customer satisfaction, sales, service and distribution. Five-Phase Vehicle Development Process was created, engineers and marketing groups from different brands combined to work with each other. As results of these innovations, GM was able to design new cars shorter although still not shorter than its competitors, market its products more successfully and gained consumer confidence back again. Situation AnalysisA.EnvironmentFast technical changes and increasing affordability changed consumer expectations in 90s. Big, heavy cars had still market share but the cars which are smaller and have low gas mileage were stars for the generation Y. Power doors, power windows, power steering and air conditioning became standards for all co nsumers which were found in luxury cars or offered as an extra in 70s and 80s.Starting from 1990 especially following the Gulf War, The U.S. economy started recovering after recessing in 80s. The federal budget deficit was getting smaller, long-term interest rates were lower and U.S. businesses had equal cost of capital compared to their foreign competitors. Oil ... ...ing should work together as one body and succor each other as possible as they can and the time for designing products should be shortened. For brand management positions, not only insiders but in addition outsiders should be installed to get new and fresh ideas. The teams containing brand managers and engineers from different divisions should be made up to share ideas and experience to solve the quality, production and distribution problems of any division. Consumer confidence can be gained back by changing products characteristics, smart pricing strategies by concentrating cost administration or cost management, training salespeople and dealerships in consumer friendly way, offering flexible financing solutions with promotions and, teach the consumer the benefits of the product. Summary and ConclusionGM can be successful in its profit-maximization and A car for all purpose, a car for every pocketbook objective by using these solutions. The company will have better operation, production design will be faster, employee participation and motivation will be high, customer oriented approach will be applied and protect its industry leader position against its competitors.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Professional Roles and Values Essay

A. Promoting Interdisciplinary CareWhen restrains promote collaborative interdisciplinary care, they are ensuring the availability and accessibility of quality health care (ANA, 2010). As the nursing supervisor in this clinical setting, I would hold a staff meeting with the family nurse practitioner (FNP), nurse, licensed vocational nurse (LVN), nutritionist, and social worker. I would ask them to speak about their areas of expertise and explain how their knowledge will enhance this clinical team. The nutritionists expertise in diet, the social workers fluency in Spanish, the LVNs training in education, and the nurses specialization in community health are all attributes that will promote the delivery of quality patient role care. In this meeting, I give examples of how the specialized training and resources of these individuals will improve patient care and ease the workload of other staff members. I foster an open discussion and encourage thoughts, feelings, and questions. I al so state that if whateverone has a question or concern that they do not wish to discuss in front of everyone, they can speak to me in private.B. Delegation and TeamworkAs the nurse supervisor, I would use a coaching approach to speak to Ms. W. Coaching provides a safe environment for trying different approaches to new or thought-provoking situations (Robinson-Walker, Detmer, and Schultz, 2011). I would request to comport lunch with Ms. W and at this lunch, I begin by praising her work and emphasizing her importance to this clinic. In a light-hearted and non-confrontational way, I say, I know how hard you have been working with Ms. R and you must be so frustrated I encourage a repartee by asking, Why do you think she is being non-compliant? I listen to her answers without interrupting and work into the conversation these questions Do you think its possible she does not find out English? What do you think about having the social worker speak to her? The LVNs expertise in communi ty health and her available resources would also be mentioned. I emphasize that delegating to members of the team will be in thebest interest of the patient, as well as free up some of Ms. Rs valuable time.B1. ResponsibilityThe nurse Code of Ethics Provision 2 states that the nurses primary commitment is to the patient and it just implies that nurses should actively promote collaborative multi-disciplinary planning (American Nurses Association, 2012). If Ms. W does not have time to follow through with community services that could pull ahead Ms. R, then Ms. W has a responsibility to refer Ms. R to people who have the knowledge, resources, and time to help her.In addition to the Nursing Code of Ethics, the field of study Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) states that one of the standards related to the RN scope of practice is that nurses evaluate the patients response to nursing care. They do this by evaluating the patients response to interventions, the need for alternat ive interventions, the need to consult with other team members, and the need to revise the plan of care (NCSBN, 2012). When Ms. W saw that the patient was not compliant, she should have reevaluated her plan of care. Ms. W can allot to the LVN, who is experienced in prenatal education, and would be able to explain the importance of finishing antibiotic therapy or playacting tests that are essential for a healthy pregnancy. If Ms. W is too busy to educate, then she is responsible for finding someone who can.B2. Recommended ResourceA resource that would benefit Ms. W in learning more about delegating is the continuing education course given by the ANA, Developing Delegation Skills. This course covers foreign mission and the associated concepts of accountability, responsibility, and authority (Weydt, 2010). It discusses using nursing judgment and interpersonal relationships during the delegation process and at the courses end, the author speaks about how to develop delegation skills. Learning to properly delegate ultimately improves the quality of patient care.B3. Delegation OpportunitiesThe nurse in this scenario has 4 colleagues in the clinic that she can delegate to the LVN, nurse, nutritionist, and social worker. Ms. R had recurrent urinary nerve pathway infections the nutritionist can review her food and fluid intake and the LVN can teach prenatal care based on the nutritionists military rank and recommendations. The nurse in the clinic can explore community resources that may be available to assist Ms. R. The social worker, however, is the most important person in these collaborations because it is equiprobable that Ms. R does not understand English and needs an interpreter. The social worker is fluent in Spanish and her presence will not only lambaste the comfort level of Ms. W, but will assure that she is receiving the required information that is pertinent to her pregnancy.ReferencesAmerican Nurses Association. (2012). Code of Ethics for Nursing wi th Interpretive Statements. Nursing World. Retrieved from http//www.nursingworld.org/codeofethics National Council of State Boards of Nursing. (2012). NCSBN Model Rules. Retrieved from http//www.ncsbn.org/12_model_rules_090512.pdf Weydt, A. (2010). Developing Delegation Skills. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 15(2). Retrieved from www.nursingworld.org/mainmenucategories/anamarketplace/anaperiodicals/ojin/tableofcontents/vol152010/no2may2010/delegation-skills

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Human Chip Implants Essay

It is now possible to drop back human races wherever they are, thanks to the overbold technology of human chip implants. While this statement may sound interesting for the developers of the technology, the issue has attracted enormous debate about the ethical implications that surround the cover of the technology. Human chip implants are sophisticated silicon microchip tricks that are inserted to an persons hand or face for identification purposes (Alam, 2010). Prior to human applications, the microchip devices were utilisationd to identify and track lost and stolen pets.The first human to accept the device be implanted into his body was Professor Kevin Warwick on idealistic 24th, 1998 (Witt, 1999). Warwick, a director of cybernetics at the University of Reading, U. K became the first person to host the controversial microchip after a procedure which took 20 minutes. Dr (Witt, 1999). George Boulos led a team of doctors who inserted a glass capsule the size of a pearl into War wicks left arm just above his elbow. The glass capsule comprised of some(prenominal) microprocessors work to recognize the human and give commands and communicate with separate electronic devices (Witt, 1999).The device that was implanted into Warwicks arm was about (23 X 3) mm and it stayed in his body for only nine days in order to avoid medical examination complications (Witt, 1999). In addition, the device had been found to have lost some magnate to function and the removal of it was to ensue. Half of the device was an voltaic coil while the rest of it was purely an arrangement of silicon microchips that processed and stored the information (Witt, 1999). The device could use only 8 bits of the total 64 bits of information to interact and communicated efficiently with the intelligent building at the University of Reading.The device functions to pass radio signals between the threshold frames that have rigged up doorways (Witt, 1999). When a human with the device implanted into his body enters or gets through the doorways, the radio signal energizes the coil which then produces an electric current that chips use to communicate signals which the computer recognizes a person as authorized. After this intelligent authentication, the door opens and the person can enter the building.For the nine days after implantation, Warwick was able to make security doors that required only smartcards to swing open through an electronic node system that tracked Warwicks proceeding through the entire building (Witt, 1999). The technology of human implants claims several applications such as the identifications of lost children as well as the confused individuals suffering from Alzheimer disorder (Mcgee & Maquire, 1999). It is also proposed that the technology can have potential uses in the verifications of job applicants to determine whether they are criminals or il heavy immigrants (Alam, 2010).The devices can carry criminal and medical history after encoding the de vice only with one number (Alam, 2010). This shows how the device can be used for tracking among many different uses. The device can be used to gain access to facilities in a secure manner reducing the cases of theft and unauthorized access to buildings, libraries, laboratories or other places where security is of high relevance (Alam, 2010). There are human rights that are infringed when the human microchips are implanted. For example, the human chip implant would impinge the constitutional rights in relation to the Fourth and 5th Amendments (Alam, 2010).The device is also argued to be violating the Fourteen Amendments which provides for the rights of properties. All persons are protected from unreasonable seizures and searches according to the Fourth Amendment and one of these searches is the electronic surveillance which reveals the privacy of persons without their consent (Macgee & Maquire, 1999). Two implications about human rights abuse are made in the use of the human microc hip implant the chemical bond of the surveillance device on humans and the continued monitoring of the person once the device is in the body.The ability of the microchip implanted into the body to read-write and track predisposes individual personal information to be revealed (Alam, 2010). Even if the read-only devices are used, they can be easily be scanned by the police and unauthorized searches violates the Fourth Amendments. At the same time, the use of microchip implants would violate the Fifth Amendment since the application of the microchip could be one form of self-incrimination where the device presents some tracking capabilities which breach the Fifth Amendment which provides that no citizen shall be forced to witness against himself (Macgee & Maquire, 1999).Although the Amendments refer specifically to verbal self-incrimination, it has been argued that the Amendment applies to modern technologies which forcibly take the evidence from someone. Another violation of the imp lantation of microchips involves the inwrought property interest (Alam, 2010). The chip installation involves the breaking into the skin and implanting the device just the similar ways a pacemaker or an artificial eye. In the case of eye and pacemaker implants, the procedure is acceptable for medical reasons.Contrary, in the case of human chip implants where the aim of the gadget is for the accounting system as well as to act as a repository for government information. In general, the human chip implants pose a number of ethical and legal issues despite their potential applications in ensuring security and tracking lost and kidnapped individuals. It is important to enact appropriate legislations that will prevent any grievous intrusion into individual privacy as the technology gets a big vote among Americans.

Friday, May 24, 2019

A Smart System for Now and the Future

What organization would turn away from a system which get rid ofd redundance? In todays business climate of doing things faster, better and at less cost and with less turn back, the flow system of counseling and/or manufacturing has been proven to eliminate overproduction, wasted steps and movements, unnecessary transport and conveyance times, and waiting periods. Sayer and Williams (2007) in their book, escape for Dummies demonstrate the advantages of this concept.Sayer and Williams (2007) compare the slope concept of business and organizational strategy to the physical and mental strength of the athletic or physic solelyy fit There is nothing there that cannot be used, no excess fat, and no waste (p. 10). Where previous business practice involved the mass production of a product to be sold to the masses, management would find they were often left with extra inventory. Inventory not sold is a lost profit potential, the inventory itself requires space to store and is yet ano ther waste, and a surplus of inventory results in price fluctuations that may not be beneficial to the organization.With Lean thought process, the process of manufacturing or managing product learning is completely customer driven with the focus on the needs of the customer and the advantage to the customer if competitive advantage is foremost.The culture of an organization, according to Sayer and Williams (2007), must value individual creativity and empowerment to secure a satisfied customer base. Lean thinking eliminates the traditional hierarchy of corporate management and embodies individual work teams where individual creativity can flourish. Lean management also reduces the risk of occupational injury by virtue of scaling back wasted steps and movements of individual employees. Continual process improvement and reference assurance monitoring embody the importance of employee empowerment to secure this satisfied customer base.Sayer and Williams (2007) underscore how Lean man agement systems are able to make dogging process improvements during projects or work floors by utilizing Six Sigma practices. Project management via team leaders periodically meet at their workstations or places of project ontogenesis and participate in worksite analyses, value stream mapping interpretation and otherwise focus on project improvement. A project can be meliorate or redesigned mid-project if necessary, further boosting performance, reducing costs and increasing customer satisfaction.Using impact and effort assessments, Six Sigma practitioners can even up what is the least effort undeniable in terms of costs, inputs, and employee needs to have the greatest impact to a project and, ultimately, the satisfaction to the customer. Six Sigma uses information analysis, logical cause analysis, and other trending tools to determine value-added potentials to a project (p.97.)Utilizing value stream mapping, an organization or manufacturer works toward the goal of flow, wit hout stoppage, without broken equipment and an annex in multitasking (p. 41). Understanding flow and data will dictate where waste can be eliminated (p. 80).Henry Ford, according to Sayer and Williams (2007), was the primary pioneer of Lean manufacturing concepts. Given the technology of his day, Ford was able to increase the quality of his cars at a reduced cost to the purchasers by managing and reducing waste at his manufacturing plant (p. 17). Ford understood the value-added effects of less waste of time and effort would have on his employees and his customers (p.17). Ford understood his plant should not waste space for production, not waste the time his employees took to move some workstations or between workstations, and have the necessary tools to do the job but without excess implements that might go unused (p.44).According to Sayer and Williams (2007), Lean thinking requires a corporate or organizational culture of quality. The Toyota manufacturing system uses Lean thinkin g as a new paradigm of manufacturing excellence, relying on continuous improvement and thinking where everyone is a problem solver. Toyota applies Just in Time concepts to Lean manufacturing, where the right part is assembled by the right person at the right time (p. 35).Relying on elimination of waste as its goal, Lean thinking demands the right combination of quality and benefit. The customer is willing to give you their money for your product or help only when they believe its a fair exchange of value, (Sayer and Williams, 2007, p.14).The customer ultimately has a need for a particular product or service and sets the tone for meeting that need and defines the purpose of the product development or production. According to Sayer and Williams, (2007), it is imperative to identify who the customer is and to determine what the customer considers valuable in order to apply Lean concepts to an organization (p. 28).All of these concepts require constant data gathering the tallying up o f effort, process distribution, causation of outcomes, and work sampling. According to Sayer and Williams (2007), data, represent in a diagrammatic optic aid such as a Scatter Plot, provides conclusions and predictions about what can happen next (p. 185). Pareto Charting allows a visual representation of where are actual costs (p. 183). Lean thinking is about constant evaluation of data.Lean concepts cannot be adopted by an organization without development of a culture of trust and respect. These values must be demonstrated toward employees as well as customers. In order for management to go beyond stated or implied principles, they must demonstrate trust and respect toward employees. According to Sayer and Williams (2007), fundamental applications of Lean corporate values are demonstrated when the organization fosters ain safety, employee security, challenges and engages employees, celebrates wins, offers continuous growth and education, exercises effective communication (p. 215 ).Lean thinking is not limited to manufacturing cars or widgets. As Sayer and Williams (2007) point out, The future of Lean across all industries are limitless (p. 311). As Lean thinking is seen as not the next gimmick of business practice but the future of business practices, Lean practices will be seen in industries such as health care, engineering, construction, and other industries wishing to increase performance and decrease costs to achieve customer satisfaction.In the field of health care, for example, Lean practices result in reduced errors, reduced waiting times, increased staff productivity and increased patient education (p. 310).Lean practices are seen already as a method to eliminate waste, reduce cost, and those values translate to customer satisfaction in almost every industry. Lean practices have been put into place by industry leaders many years before the term Lean was coined. Lean practices are the answer to reduced overproduction, reduced wait times, fewer steps between workstations and reduced transport times.ReferencesSayer, N. and Williams, B (March 2007). Lean for dummies. Indianapolis,Indiana Wiley Publishing Inc.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

History is by nature, an interpretive discipline Essay

With simplest words, history is the story of the human experience. While history teaching originally focused on the facts of political history such as wars and dynasties, contemporary history education has assumed a more integrative approach offering students an expanded view of historical knowledge that includes aspects different subjects, such as of geography, religion, anthropology, philosophy, economics, technology, art and society. This wider embrace is reflected in the vague but ubiquitous term, social studies.History has no subject military issue of its own. History derives its content entirely from other disciplines, especially from the social sciences. Before the disciplines of political science, economics, archeology and sociology had been invented, it was history that dealt with these realms of knowledge. Historians are the generalizers, the synthesizers. They look at an event or series of events and try to bring relevant knowledge from all fields to bear on understandin g the situation.Viewed in this light, history is a verb, not a noun it is more an approach than a subject. This approach is sometimes termed the historical method, which generally involves trying to identify all relevant information about an historical development, critically examining sources for validity and bias, then selecting and organizing this information into a well-constructed narrative that sheds some light on human experience.History is not static our views of history are unceasingly changing as new discoveries are made that cast doubt on previous knowledge. New interpretations of historical events frequently come along to repugn older views. Was the Viatnam War really worth of? Or was Ronald Ragan the grand statesman of his age or a less admirable figure? Such newer, alternating(a) explanations are termed revisionist history. The historian, following the historical method, tries to determine if the evidence is real, accurate or biased.After making these judgments, the historian selects some evidence to include in his narrative, and he rejects other sources. The finished product reflects the judgments, point-of-view, biases and errors of the historian himself. This is a highly subjective process throughout. But it should be remembered that history did happen, and without it we would be largely ignorant of the whole shebang of the world and of the human animal. Conscientious historians are aware of the pitfalls in their search for historical truth, and they try to avoid them.Students who are aware of the inherent limitations of history go out be better prepared to evaluate the validity of historical evidence and historical accounts and consequently more adept at evaluating the conflicting evidence and opinions meet the important issues of their own time. Thus the study of history can teach many critical skills. That is, studying history helps sharpen the critical thinking and communication skills essential to success in school and in most prof essions.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Legal Ethics in Singapore

Legal Ethics Laws, regulations and codes of conduct attempts to define standards of behaviour for lawyers in society. They form an important per centum of the jurisdictions regulatory process. These laws and codes of conduct demand a certain standard in which legal professionals should adhere to in their professional and private lives. It likewise represents a standard of respectable behaviour defined by legislators and professional bodies. In Singapore, there are a number of primary sources of legal ethics. The pursuance are the main sources of legal ethics * The Legal Profession Act Subsidiary legislation * Practice directions from the courts * Practice directions form the Law Society * legal decisions and opinions on legal ethics Lawyers are bound to these laws and regulation and must adhere to them diligently so as to not straw away from ethical behaviour or to a harsher extent of being banned from practising law in Singapore. In essence, a lawyers debt instrument can be ca tegorized into two main groups. They are the lawyers (I) duty to the court and (ii) duty to the client. The tables below explain briefly, the various duties lawyers have to the court and to their clients.Lawyers duty to the Court Duty Explanation Truthfulness in Court Rule 2(2) A Professional Conduct Rules- Must not mislead the court state to Clients Conduct Responsible for clients conduct and representation of the case Honoring Undertaking to the Court A Lawyers word must be his bond Respect for the Court Lawyer conduct must be consistent with standing, dignity & authority of the court debt instrument in Assisting Administrative Justice Lawyers are officers of the court Lawyers duty to the ClientDuty Explanation Honesty Honesty in all(a) dealings with the client Diligence & Competence Lawyer is expected to exercise necessary skills and diligently apply himself to the case Confidentiality Obligation to maintain confidentiality of all intercourse between him and client Conflict of Interest Lawyers conduct must not be influenced by personal or private interests A lawyers challenge is to balance his responsibilities to assist the court with his duty to look after the best interest of his client.In essence, his duty to the administration of nicety is weighed higher than the duty he has to his client. However, it brings about a concern for lawyers when defending their clients. This can be seen in situations in where a lawyer has to exercise his perspicaciousness in introducing evidence to the court. If the lawyer does not exercise his judgement in the favour of the court, he is putting his client at a disadvantage. Therefore it is highly important that a lawyer does adhere to his duty to the court without compromising the position or case of his in any way for it to be preferential for all parties.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Notes on Different types of customers

Dealing with client sound offts why do customers complain? Customers complain mainly because of bad customer process The product they received is of bad quality not happy because of the staff Delayed flights not good service untidy accommodation product they received was not as it was descriptive. Not a not seats on the plane not getting what they indispensability queues why do organizations need to know about customer complaints? To contain their reputation keep one customer happy expand business keep customers keep business to improve o fix one problem How to deal with customers?Offer a discount or a complimentary spot such as a drink. Food item etc. ) or a refund If they take It further ask If want to speak to the four-in-hand Reply a. s. A. P start by apologizing Dont interrupt whilst they are complaining Ask whats wrong face to face offer something else e-mail written chat make it formal be sympathetic make eye contact Listen suggest the course of action check the custome r is happy with the resolution and ask them if there is anything else you can do for them. Keep calm keep customer informed at all times Why is It Important to descend a complaint? O keep the customers happy so you will get customer loyalty so you dont get a bad depict/reputation of you or the organization To prevent it from happening again so I OFF quality of service they give how good their products are marginal standard of quality procedures they follow Equally With respect Fairly Friendly Welcomed well With a helpful manner NIce Politely Regardless of the customer type all customers have different needs. A hen party traveling to London for the weekend. Transfers Accommodation Group accommodation rah receptionInformation on local nightlife several(predicate) types of customers Mobility Pre-boarding Disable Access Guides Wider corridors Handrails Ramps Treated with respect and equally Special seating Bigger facilities Information about excursions suitable for their needs Spec ial cabins/accommodation specifically for the disabled Lifts Visually impaired Braille White stick Career Guide dogs Assistance Be sensitive Hearing impaired Hearing forethought Hearing loop Lip reader Sign language translator Speak loud and clearly Signs Devices to help them in case of an emergency el calling people, phone ringing, fire alarm going off Cultures/Countries Health documents Leaflets in their language Maps in their language Treat them equally and with respect right-hand staff Injection Visas/Passports Currency exchange Insurance Translator antique/Confused Treated with respect Show empathy Speak slowly and clearly leave sure they understand the information they were confused about Communication methods best suited to the customers needs. Hearing Written, Face to face (For lip readers) Visual Telephone, Verbally Elderly Face to face, verbally Different language Written diagrams

Monday, May 20, 2019

Analysis of “Why I Love My Strict Chineses Mom” Essay

The crystallise direction of raising a nipper?Sophia Chua-Rubenfelds essay Why I love my unyielding Chinese mom is a response to the all the negative feedback her perplex had gotten for her essay Why Chinese Mothers are Superior. The intention of this essay is to persuade and in normal the reader of why Amy Chua raised her female child Sophia the correct style. Chua-Rubenfelds first argument is that the critics (the outsider) have no clue of what the Chua-Rubenfeld family is like (p. 2, l. 21). The fact that Chua-Rubenfeld is stating that you siret know what youre talking roughly, because you dont know me and/or my family makes this a classic argument, which in reality is no valid argument. However, her main claim throughout the essay is supported by a strong second and ground. Chua-Rubenfelds main claim is that Amy Chuas strict parenting forced her to be more individual and act as an adult. The way her mother did this was by pushing her daughter to run short more succes sful. Chua-Rubenfelds mother taught her that creativity takes effort, which in this case is used as Chua-Rubenfelds warrant One should always work hard and push ones self to the limit. And according to Chua-Rubenfeld this applies to everyone independent of ones goals in life. Only by forcing body and mind one sewer actually achieve anything.Chua-Rubenfelds ground is very much connected to her claim and warrant, because she can see how her mothers upbringing of her has made her independent, and has made her pursue knowledge. This is why Chua-Rubenfeld calls her mother Tiger-mom. The tiger symbolizes a crimson and brave person and the animal itself has a very high status. These are qualities that Sophia Chua-Rubenfeld appreciates, and thanks her mother for having. The Chua-Rubenfeld way of upbringing a child appears to be completely different from what experts believe is the correct way. In Kate Loveys article Let them eat pizza Parenting gurus recipe for bringing up children the r eader is introduced to a different opinion. A parenting guru Dr Bryan Caplan claims that childrens lives are shaped mostly by their genes and their own choices. (p. 5, l. 18).This article is characterized by its great use of argumentative features. Dr Bryan Caplan bases his arguments on biological research and scientifically proved facts. The appeal form used is ethos, since the reader trusts the doctor because he has a certain authority. However, the arguments that he uses do unfortunately notappear convincing, because he only bases his ground on quantitative data. It is possible to convince whatsoeverone with statistical material but it involves using an amount of qualitative data, as it explains why statistics tell us what they do. The cardinal previous articles may seem each others opposites, concerning the ways of raising a child. In A. S. Neills article Summerhill a radical approach to child rearing he introduces another way of upbringing a child where he focuses on educati on. He clearly states that the important part of educating is circumstances the child in becoming better at what the child is good at.He supports his claim by using a lot of topological features. In the beginning of the article he incorporates a story about Nijinsky to demonstrate his point The world will not develop geniuses if it does not spot and utilize the childs talent. By incorporating a famous ballet dancer he engages the reader because the reader can hardly disagree on what Neill is saying. The reader is also engaged because education is such an important thing. done the education one is developed. Therefore it is essential that the educational system is properly turn tailing. It is important to remember the function of our educational system. The future of the world depends on the teachers and the pupils, and education should prepare the children for the world. But there is a charming line between preparing and dictating. The society does not only need lawyers, doctors , and other jobs associated with high status. It is dependent on and needs cleaning ladies, police officers, engineers as well as any other jobs.Therefore, in parliamentary procedure to provide the world with smart and skilled people the educational system should develop the childs natural talent and interests. This is also applicable when talking about the upbringing of a child. For example some kids may naturally be better at sport and the parent should thus reward and get along the child. However, there is something called general education which should be incorporated in the learning process, because the child will probably have some difficulties in the modern society if this is ignored. Furthermore, it is necessary to teach the child how to behave in certain situations and also in general. But a lot of the upbringing of a child depends on the cultural background. Different cultures have different ways of raising children. Depending on the culture the values in the upbringing of a child may vary extremely. However, the parent should acknowledge that we live in a globalized world where the child will meetdifferent cultures. Therefore the parent should prepare the child for an circulate mind.

Relationship Between the Criminal Justice System and Mental Illness

With many 300,000 morally distur wrinkle individuals housed at heart local, province, and federal prison remainss, issues of moral wellness c be indoors the twist justice placement are at the forefront of debate. While steps such(prenominal) as change magnitude medications and providing at least marginal support for the cordially autistic within area institutions are improving the situation, recidivism rates, statelessness, and violence against liverish prison inmates is st fed up(p) a major problem in todays partnership.The product of deinstitutionalization, this problem of warehousing the lightheaded within the brutal justice system must be att winduped to in order to defecate an atmosphere of address for the genially bedridden. By reparation legislation against involuntary assistance, increasing k nowledge and sense through the criminal justice system, and an increase in federation care following tucker out, the criminal justice system can create a da mage effective solution to the problem of untreated mental disease within the system.The Relationship between the Criminal Justice SystemThe relationship between mental unsoundness and the criminal justice system has been virtuoso of intense scrutiny over the past several(prenominal) decades. Issues such as treatment options within state and federal prison systems, behavioral consequences of mental ill fortuneness, and distance of stay issues gravel all been deliberated intently by the psychiatricalal and legal community. These studies have indicated that barren problems make it within the system in terms of the care mentally ill individuals receive while incarcerated. This newspaper publisher will focus on the issues of the mentally ill prison inmate, and will review current publications which suggests that although steps are being taken to solve both(prenominal) of these issues, more work must be undertaken to solve the problem of mental illness within the criminal jus tice system.In the punitory system today, there are nearly 300,000 mentally ill individuals, as compared to only 60,000 currently residing in state psychiatric hospitals (Faust, 2003). While only five percentage of the universe within the United States suffers from some trope of mental illness, sixteen percent of individuals within the U.S. prison system suffer mental illness, uncontaminatingly demo an over representation of these individuals within the system (Ditton, 1999). Some studies even suggest that the rate of incarceration of the mentally ill is four times that of the general population for males, and nearly six times that of the general population for females (Cox, 2001).The question, then, may be asked if the criminal justice system is ignoring the issues of mental illness, but studies suggest this is not the case. In the Los Angeles county jail system alone, over $10 million a year is spent on psychiatric medications for inmates (Faust, 2003). Another study showed t hat nearly half of all U.S. states have, in the last four years, established commissions or task rives specifically designed to look into the connection between the mental health system and the criminal system. Further legislation has been introduced in five states calling for such commissions (Souweine, 2004). In some states, such as Ohio, serious efforts have been put into place to assist the mentally ill. Ohio state prisons have quintupled the number of mental health professionals on staff, developed better mental health screening, tolerated more beds for the criminally insane, improved maintain training, and improved funding for inmate mental health care (Kaufman, 1999).With all of these efforts in place, it is difficult to cover why the problem of untreated mental illness exists. In order to understand the problem, it is essential to low gear understand the origins of the situation. In the mid-1950s through the 1970s, attempts were in force to dismantle the warehouses of the mentally ill through a process known as deinstitutionalization. At the time, mental institutions were plainly holding areas for the insane, with sparse living conditions, biting treatment procedures including electroshock therapy in unsafe conditions, and brutalization of patients (Treatment advocacy Center, 1999).Following concerns about civil rights issues, cost issues, and a desire to move to a more outpatient approach, numerous legislations were enacted to deinstitutionalize the population of mental health hospitals. beginning in 1965, the federal government passed legislation that specifically excluded Medicaid handments for inmates housed in state psychiatric hospitals. As a result, the states were now required to provide care, and, looking to lower costs, many discharged hundreds or thousands of patients into society (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). In addition, legal reforms in the 1970s were passed that required an individual to be a danger to himself or to others in order for him or her to be treated involuntarily for their illness (Faust, 2003). The result was another mass release of patients into society.The results of deinstitutionalization are clear. Since 1960, nearly 90 percent of psychiatric beds in state hospitals have been removed. In 1955, nearly 600,000 individuals resided in state psychiatric hospitals the number today is less than 70,000 individuals (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). Unfortunately, however, these numbers are misleading, in that they suggest a reduction in the number of mentally ill individuals, which is not the case.For many deinstitutionalized patients, the end result was simply a transinstitutionalization, or change of residence. While the Medicaid funds had been withdrawn for state psychiatric hospitals, those funds were still available for individuals with mental illness residing in nursing homes and general hospitals. As a result, many patients were simply transferred to these types of settings, where trea tment options and care for the mentally insane were not nearly as advanced. By the mid 1980s, nearly 23 percent of nursing home residents had some form of mental illness (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999).For other deinstitutionalized patients, the results were far more disastrous. According to recent studies, nearly 200,000 individuals with schizophrenia or manic-depression are homeless (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). Another 200,000 of the homeless population suffer from other forms of mental illness. As homeless individuals, many of these patients are unable to maintain any form of treatment or medications, and thus are unable to receive the care they desperately need in order to function in society (Faust, 2003).Unfortunately, for many of these individuals, criminal incarceration in the final result. In some cases, family members who are unable to force their relatives into treatment facilities due to the involuntary treatment laws have no choice but to wait until the illness causes harmful behaviors. At that junction, the police are contacted, and the individual is removed to a correctional facility (Faust, 2003). Since it is now common practice to give priority to mentally ill individuals awaiting court proceedings, many family members key this system the only option for obtaining assistance (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000).The result, according to a 1992 study, is that over 29 percent of jails in the U.S. criminal justice system report holding mentally ill individuals with no charges against them. Certain states, such as Montana, Wyoming, and New Mexico, allow such situations if the individual is being held awaiting psychiatric evaluation, a psychiatric bed in a state hospital, or transportation to that hospital (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000).Many of these individuals are held later arrest for misdemeanors, such as trespassing, disorderly conduct, or vagrancy (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). In fact, nearly half of the mentally ill inmates ho used within the criminal justice system at any given time have been arrested for a non-violent crime (Ditton, 1999). Additionally, studies have shown that substance abuse is often involved with many mentally ill individuals (Teplin and Abram, 2000). As a result, these individuals are often arrested for alcohol and drug related offenses (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). In many of these arrests, police are attempting to protect these individuals from harm, such as robbery, beatings, and rape, and therefore perform mercy bookings or inessential arrests in order to house the mentally ill (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000).While these methods certainly provide some form of housing for the mentally ill, the consequences of that housing are astronomical. scratch line, the costs of mentally ill housing within the criminal justice system are staggering. According to the Department of Justice in 2000, American taxpayers pay $15 billion annually for individuals incarcerated in jails and pri sons with mental illnesses (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001).Additionally, while these inmates do receive some form of psychiatric care, the costs of such care are much higher than that of community care centers, while the outcomes of such treatment is often much lower. According to the Department of Justice in 2000, one in every eight state captives were receiving some form of mental health therapy, and of the 1,558 state correctional facilities in the nation, 1,394 provided some form of mental health care. Nearly 70 percent screen inmates at admission for mental health issues, 65 percent conduct regular psychological assessment, half provide 24-hour psychological services, nearly 75 percent distribute psychotropic medications, and 66 percent assist released individuals with obtaining community mental health services (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001).However, even with the steps in place, the programs tend to not be as intensive nor as successful as those in a more clinical or community setting. Drug therapy, used in nearly 60 percent of the mentally ill housed within the correctional system, has been shown to be less effective than drug therapy combined with other forms of therapy (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2001). Since nearly two-thirds of the mentally ill inmates are housed within units not specializing in mental health services, many are not receiving forms of treatment shown to be effective (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999).In addition to the problems with mental health care in state institutions, local institutions fare even worse. A 1992 study of American jails functioning outside of the state or federal level showed that one in five systems had no access to mental health services whatsoever. Furthermore, 84 percent of these systems reported their staff to have received either no training or less than trinity hours of training in dealing with mentally ill inmates (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000).Clearly, simply housing the mentally ill wit hin the state and local criminal justice system institutions is not cost effective, nor effective in terms of treatment given. However, there are even more forceful consequences of using the criminal justice system as a holding area for the mentally ill. First and foremost, mentally ill patients have special needs outside of simple medicinal requirements. Patterns of illogical thinking, delusions, hallucinations, severe mood swings, and other symptoms of mental illness tend to occur even in medicated mentally ill individuals.In the prison system, these symptoms which lead to bizarre and unpredictable behavior are often misunderstood by personnel that have not been trained in these types of illnesses. As a result, non-ill inmates and the personnel themselves may fight with violence and punishment that is detrimental to the already fragile mental health of the individual (Treatment Advocacy Center, 2000). nonetheless further, rape, a commonly known occurrence in prison systems, is more likely to occur in individuals who are unable to defend themselves due to confusion and disorientation as a result of their mental illness (Hiday, et al, 1998).These patterns of behaviors also lead to commodiouser prison sentences for mentally ill inmates. In one study, through with(p) in Rikers Island Prison, the average length of stay for an inmate was 42 days. In comparison, the average rate for a mentally ill inmate was 215 days, a length five times that of a non-ill inmate. In a similar study in Pennsylvania, only 16 percent of released prisoners had served their complete sentence. Of those, the mentally ill were three times as likely to serve their complete sentence as those who were not ill (Ditton, 1999). possibly one of the largest problems facing the mentally ill who are incarcerated is finding community resources for equal or great care following their release. A study completed it 1992 showed that nearly 30 percent of mentally ill inmates released commit another act within four months of release (Treatment Advocacy Center, 1999). For many, this recidivism rate is due to a lack of medications necessary to maintain a stable mental health condition. In addition, many of these individuals find themselves homeless following release, which further limits their ability to receive further treatment (Ditton, 1999).It is clear that, although the current criminal justice system certainly attempts to care for the mentally ill, more needs to be done to visualize these individuals are continuously cared for. One such step, supported by the National Sheriffs Association, is to consider new laws altering the requirements for mental ill treatment. The NSA suggests laws which would allow treatment based on a need for treatment, kind of than simply a show of dangerousness. The NSA also supports measures to allow a court order to assist in outpatient treatment of individuals in the community who need such treatment, but refuse it (Faust, 2003). Many studies have shown that mentally ill individuals often are not aware of their illness and thus, refuse treatment despite their clear need for such measures (Teplin and Abram, 2000). According to a long term study supported by the NSA, long term treatment combined with routine outpatient services reduced rearrest by nearly 74 percent (Faust, 2003).Further, increasing the availability of community services following release has shown to be an effective measure in controlling the issue of mentally ill inmates upon their release. In Cook County, Illinois, case management for released inmates is provided by the Thresholds remit Program. The individuals of Thresholds provide 7 day a week case management for as long as the member needs assistance, and even searches the streets for those individuals who are homeless at the time of release. This commitment has resulted in an 80 percent reduction in the need for hospitalization or incarceration of released inmates. Funded through the Illinois Office of psychogenic Health, the program costs $25 a day, in comparison to $70 a day for incarceration, or $500 a day for hospitalization (Thresholds, 2006).Additionally, ensuring mental health screening measures, improving personnel training, and providing pendent mental health staff in all criminal justice systems, including local jails, would also abet to decrease the issues related to the mentally ill within the system. In Ohio, where such measures have been implemented, there has been a dramatic increase in the care of the mentally ill. Reports show less mentally ill prisoner abuse, smaller punishments for rule infractions, and an overall increase in inmate mental health. Even further, recidivism rates of the mentally ill in Ohio have fallen nearly 80 percent (Kaufman, 1999).Deinstitutionalization had drastic effects on the future of the mentally ill in America. Unfortunately, the criminal justice system has become a deputy warehouse for the mentally ill, providing basic housing and medication for these individuals only for the duration of confinement. Once released, and even in some smaller prison systems, the inmate is left without adequate mental health treatment or medication, resulting in an endless spiral of illness and incarceration that is costing billions of dollars a year, and the lives of many mentally ill individuals. By creating new laws which allow treatment based on need, utilizing existing community resources on release, and increasing the knowledge and awareness of such issues within the personnel of the criminal justice system, these individuals can become plenteous members of society at a far lower cost, creating a better situation for all involved.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

The Paradox of the California Dream

More g senile has been mined from the thoughts of men than has been taken from the earth. Napoleon Hill Dreaming something is in truth diametric than trying to accomplish it. The famed author Napoleon Hill puts it so wisely umteen more people fancy and try to be uprise rich and successful than the sm whole percentage that very accomplish that goal. In the article atomic turning 20 A place, A People, A Dream, pack Rawls argues that the California dream consists of five main factors. These factors argon Health, Romance, Opportunity and Success, Warmth and Sunshine, and Freedom.People come from each(prenominal) over the world to cash in mavins chips this dream, which sometimes turns into a nightm ar instead. Based on texts such(prenominal) as The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, The state of East L. A. , by Luis J. Rodriguez, California set off guides, and others, the California dream is perceived and lived differently by different people. The California dream is non how it expects it is a enigma to the cast down class plainly a existence for the wealthy. The California dream changes drastically depending on your level of income. As we see in the majority of Luis J.Rodriguezs stories, hazard and success is what lower class families argon focused on. Pigeons is about a young, poor couple who ar doing whatever it takes to support their family. Although apprentices were called oil greasers it was a Job that promised up to 15 dollars an hour within both years What more could a young, poor, married couple reenforcement in East L. A. ask for? (109). For a typical poor couple like that, Jobs like these be very common. For them, the California dream is being able to support a family and live happily.While this can be thought of as a dream, it is what is judge everyw here and is not unique to California in any way. If you compare this definition to Rawls definition, it is nowhere approximately the full California dream. In fact, it is only one fifth of it, which doesnt really make it a dream. In contrast, the California dream changes a lot for upper and some middle class families. For wealthy families, all of James Rawls five factors play into the picture when deciding to give the sack to California or not. Romance, Warmth and Sunshine, andHealth are all added benefits that California has. These added benefits are some of the main things that wealthy people are focused on. world wealthy, they most likely have or had some sort of well paying Job/ address of income, inheritance, etc. The climate, health, and Romance of California are not things that a single person can control. They are more or less unique to California and very enthralling to people with disposable income. California Travel guides are generally directed towards the upper class. California Dreaming?Travel deals to Los Angeles, San Francisco and San Diego, is a travel guide for wealthy people out of state. It highlights some of the main things people thin k of when they think of California. urgency to feel like a celebrity while you are at it? Indulge in a spa day at the Beverly Hills Plaza Hotel and Spa($99, a low by $101 expires June 29). While this sounds attractive to some people in all financial classes, the question is if someone can afford it without losing a meal or electricity for their family. Unfortunately, many lower class people cannot.Too often, neducated, lower class families come to California with the dream of living a lavish lite like the wealthy this is a jackass tetcned dream. Californias lofty cost of living makes it hard for a lot of people to think of living here as a dream. With California housing prices devil times the national median, it takes much perseverance that many people think isnt worth living in the new, overcrowded California. Maribel Vazquez Lemus is one of those people. In an article published on CNN, she talks about her place. she skips two meals a day so she can afford to feed her kidsShe wants to move Eastperhaps out of the stateso she can find better employment and lower rent. Right now she pays $400 for a single bedroom in someone elses house. She and her two daughters all sleep together in that room. Believe it or not this is quite a common situation for young families. The amount of single parents are growing at a constant rate, adding to the difficulties of raising one or more children. In a recent study done by the United States subdivision of Agriculture(USDA), the cost of raising a child is the highest it has ever been. The verage middle-class family who had a child in 2011 will shell out $234,900 to keep it fed and a roof over its head for the next 17 yearsbetween $12,290 and $14,320 per year. This is one fifth of the $51 ,017 national median income and it has to be over two fifth with two kids. By moving somewhere else where the cost of living is much cheaper, like Maribel Vazquez Lemus wants to, this number can be reduced significantly. With Californi a being the most populous state since 1970(1970 California Census)and the world still risingthe cost of living has nothing else o do alone rise as well.The California dream is a paradox an idea that is very attractive thinking about it, but very opposite living it. California is perceived as the place to make easy money, work a partner, and get a tan. These things simply arent realistic. It is in effect(p) as hard, if not harder to earn a living in California. And the inflation Just adds to the trouble. We see this example of the paradox of the California Dream is The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, when living in California is much different than the main character, Baba, anticipated. Baba loved the idea of America.It was living in america that gave him an Clearly, living in Fremont, CA did not live up to their expectations. At all. Hearing so many positive things about it, they dont know how they can be experiencing these negative things such as the the miss of trust. No one trusts anybody Baba says. Later in the book, we see more negative reasons wherefore the state is not living up to expectations. The Bay Areas smog stung his eyes, the traffic noise gave him headaches, and the pollen made him cough. The fruit was neer sweet nough, the water never clean enough, and where were all the trees and open fields? (l). More and more things that seem like they should all be here but clearly arent. At the moment Baba and his son are very disappointed, as are many other people that came to California to live the dream but have failed to get that opportunity. Maybe the paradox stems from the old California. From the 1970s when the California dream for all classes, not Just the upper class, was actually a realistic thing. Or maybe it stems from the countless celebrities such as Steve Jobs and tiger Woods ho nave emerged trom Calitornia.Either way, the old Calitornia dream, where an overwhelming number of people came to California with nothing and left with som ething, is expiry out. Whether it is because of the decline in education, the high cost of living, or the unrealistic perception that outsiders have on California, the old dream is being replaced by new, tougher times in California. The California Gold Rush days are long gone. Getting rich so easily Just does not happen anymore. Luck is a main reason why people still move to California, and a main reason why they fail, in any case.The future is still bright for the Golden State, though. Many of the problems that have caused this end to the dream have fixes that arent too complicated. Soon, in the near future, it will be clear for most people that there is no such California dream anymore. Hopefully sometime later on that it wont be as clear. And hopefully soon after that it will be clear that the California dream is back. But for now, the California dream is fizzling out. As James Rawls stated, the California Dream is quite impossibly everythingand quite possibly nothing at all. A paradox for many, a reality for few.